Vaginoplasty in Vietnam

Vaginoplasty may be performed under general or local anesthesia. The anesthesia used for vaginoplasty is mostly determined by the purpose of the surgery.

There a number of different ways to perform vaginoplasty, depending on the purpose of the surgery. If the procedure is performed to tighten the vagina, your surgeon may remove extra skin from inside the vagina and tighten the tissues with strong sutures. Vaginoplasty to construct the vagina, such as for sex reassignment surgery, for women who have had a vaginectomy, or for women who were born without a vagina, several techniques may be offered, including:

• Peritoneal vaginoplasty – the lining of the abdominal cavity, known as the peritoneum, is used to create the vagina. It is usually performed as a laparoscopic procedure.
• Intestinal or sigmoid vaginoplasty – this technique uses a section of the sigmoid colon to create the vagina. It is often performed as laparoscopic surgery.
• McIndoe vaginoplasty – a skin graft is used to line the vagina during this technique. The skin graft is placed on a vaginal mold, then it is placed into a space that has been opened to become the vagina.
• Penile inversion vaginoplasty – this technique is only used in transgender women. It uses the skin from the outside of the penis to create the lining of the vagina. The bulbous tip of the penis is reshaped to make a clitoris and the scrotal skin is used to create the labia majora and minora. The remaining parts of the penis are amputated and discarded.

Vaginoplasty can be a complex procedure and it may last between 7 and 10 hours. Depending on the reason for your vaginoplasty, you may need to stay in the hospital for 3 to 5 days. The recommended length of stay in Vietnam is around 2 to 4 weeks because you need to attend follow-up checkups.

The patient’s recovery time is different and you should be able to move around within 2-3 days. On average, the total recovery period after vaginoplasty takes around 6 to 8 weeks. During this period, do not take a bath or submerge yourself in water and avoid any strenuous activity. Avoid any sexual activity for 12 weeks. Your doctor will give you the detail of your recovery timeline and when you can resume your normal activity.

To speed up your recovery period, it is important that you closely follow the post-operative instruction your surgeon provides. You should always keep your genital area clean and dry. Your surgeon may give you pain medication to help ease discomfort, make sure to take it as prescribed. You may also need to douche one to two times a week using a non-scented vaginal douche.

If you had penile inversion vaginoplasty, your surgeon will give you a vaginal dilator to be used daily at least for a year to maintain the desired vaginal depth. You can use the device as soon as your bandages are removed and your surgeon will give you a dilation schedule.

Remember that you have to wipe or wash the genital area front to back for the rest of your life. This helps prevent infection from the anal region.

Vaginoplasty is safe and has a high success rate. However, as with other surgeries, the procedure carries some risks and complications. These include bleeding, infection, rupture of the sutures, skin or clitoral necrosis, urinary retention, vaginal prolapse, fistulas, ongoing pain, scarring, and permanent changes in sensation.

The alternative to vaginoplasty depends on the reason you have the surgery. If you want to tighten the vagina, you may be able to get similar results through vaginal tightening exercise and a healthy diet plan. For trans-women who do not plan to have deep vaginal penetration, a procedure called orchiectomy can be an alternative. This procedure removes the testicles and reduces testosterone levels.