Before the surgery starts, you will be given general anesthesia. Your surgeon begins the surgery by creating incisions in your neck. Your larynx will be removed through these incisions. Depending on the reason you undergo a laryngectomy, lymph nodes and some parts of your pharynx may also be removed.
Once the larynx is removed, your surgeon will create a stoma. A stoma is a permanent hole about the size of a nickel in the front of your trachea. You will continue to breathe through this hole as it links directly from the outside to your lungs.
In some cases, a procedure called tracheoesophageal puncture (TEP) may be performed during laryngectomy. This procedure is done to separate the trachea and esophagus to allow you to have a voice.
Once the procedure is complete, the incisions will be closed with stitches.
Expect to stay in the hospital for around 10 days following your surgery. It is advisable that you stay in Vietnam for at least 14 days because you need to attend follow-up checkups. During your stay in the country, you will continue to heal and your doctor will monitor your condition constantly through the checkups.
You should be able to go back to work and your normal activities within 6 to 8 weeks after you are discharged from the hospital. However, you may need more time to recover if you underwent treatment for cancer, such as chemotherapy. Your doctor will give you a detailed recovery timeline, which includes when you can start exercising and perform strenuous activities.
Laryngectomy will affect your speaking, breathing, and swallowing. You will need to learn new ways to perform all three following your surgery.
For the first 2 to 3 weeks, you will need to get food through a tube that goes into your nose and down to your stomach or through a tube that goes directly into your stomach. Your doctor will teach you how to use a feeding tube. Your doctor will also teach you how to care for your stoma. Proper care of the stoma is essential to limit complications, such as infection. You generally need to be careful when showering and shaving if you have a stoma in your neck.
Since communicating after laryngectomy can be challenging, you will need speech rehabilitation. There are several different ways to communicate:
Nonverbal communication includes facial expressions, gestures, mouthing words without using your voice, and using picture boards. Writing or typing is also nonverbal communication.
Esophageal speech is a form of speech in which you use air from the mouth and trap it in your throat and upper esophagus. It is effective but can be difficult to learn.
TEP speech involves the use of the tracheoesophageal puncture (TEP). Through the TEP, a one-way valve is inserted. Often, the valve is attached to a voice prosthesis, helping you speak.
Electrolarynx is a device placed against your neck that can enhance your speech when you talk. It is very easy to learn and use, but the voice produced may sound robotic.
Losing your ability to talk can especially be very upsetting and hard to accept. It is recommended that you consult with a counselor.
Laryngectomy is a promising procedure. While the success rate depends largely on the underlying cause of your laryngectomy, it is generally effective and safe. However, like any surgical procedure, it carries some potential risks, such as infection and bleeding. The stoma can also be blocked, cutting off the air supply to the lungs.
It is important that you seek immediate medical care if you have pain that does not get better, have blood leaking from your incisions, or have signs of infection.
The alternative to laryngectomy depends on the reason you need the procedure. For those with laryngeal cancer, larynx preservation techniques using radiation therapy and chemotherapy may be suggested as alternatives. Make sure to talk to your doctor about the alternatives if you do not want to undergo laryngectomy.
Before laryngectomy, you may have a serious condition in your larynx that may be dangerous and causes painful symptoms, such as laryngeal cancer. After the surgery, the condition should be treated and any symptoms should be relieved. Speaking, breathing, and swallowing will be different after the surgery. Learning to live without a larynx can be scary, difficult, and frustrating. However, it can be done successfully. Numerous medical centers provide support groups to help you after your surgery.
Whilst the information presented here has been accurately sourced and verified by a medical professional for its accuracy, it is still advised to consult with your doctor before pursuing a medical treatment at one of the listed medical providers. This content was last updated on 13/01/2023.
Situated at the extreme east of the Indochina Peninsula, Vietnam is a country that exhibits profound cultural richness and captivating landscapes. It holds the distinction of being the world's 15th most populous country, housing over 94 million residents scattered across its diverse geographical expanse. Despite grappling with issues like poverty and corruption, Vietnam's impressive economic performance cannot be overlooked. Notably, the country boasts a commendable GDP growth rate and is celebrated as one of the fastest-growing economies globally.
This country is well-known around the globe for its breathtaking natural beauty. It's also recognized for its energetic, larger-than-life cities that are always buzzing with activity. Furthermore, its culture is intricate and assorted, attracting millions who appreciate rich customs and traditions. In 2018, this place was a magnet for tourists, drawing in over 15 million visitors who were eager to immerse themselves in its unique way of life.
Broadly celebrated for its splendid scenic landscapes, there's an undeniable charm this country possesses. The vivacious megacities are a thrilling fusion of noise, colors, and life that leaves an impression on all who stroll through them. The cultural mosaic of this land is complex, and varied, presenting evidence of a fascinating history shared through countless generations. The year 2018 saw floods of tourists - well in excess of 15 million - come to explore, each leaving with their own tale of discovery within its borders.
The rapid development of Vietnam has made it into the next medical tourism hub in Southeast Asia. Now, medical tourists consider the country as their potential medical destination. Many new medical centers have sprung up and welcomed thousands of patients to relax and enjoy their treatment. The country offers a wide range of cost-effective medical treatment, well-trained doctors, and professional equipment. The country focuses on promoting medical tourism to neighboring markets such as Laos and Cambodia.
Vietnam, situated uniquely on the map, experiences differing climates in its varied regions. If you travel south, you'll find a tropical monsoon climate. This climate type typically comes with two main seasons - the wet season and the dry season.
Straying north, however, you'll encounter a different story altogether. Here, the climate is categorized as monsoonal but it's accompanied by four clear-cut seasons - spring, summer, autumn, and winter. So, regardless of the time of year, there's a high chance you'll experience a unique slice of Vietnamese weather, depending entirely on which part of the country you've set foot in.
There are numerous airports in Vietnam that connect the major cities. However, there are three major international airports where international visitors usually arrive at, Ho Chi Minh, Hanoi, and Da Nang. Most international flights will arrive at Tan Son Nhat International Airport which serves domestic and international flights to and from major cities in Asia, Europe, and Australia. In terms of capacity, the biggest airport in the country is the Noi Bai International Airport in Hanoi.
The airport is a hub for both local and global travel. It houses two terminals within its boundaries. Terminal 1 is tasked with the management of domestic flights, servicing those traveling within the country's borders. On the other hand, Terminal 2 oversees international flight operations, connecting this airport to numerous cities across Asia and Europe. Affordable airlines, including the likes of Jetstar Pacific and VietJet Air, schedule flights departing from and arriving at both Tan Son Nhat and Noi Bai airports - a testament to the airport's reach and convenience to travelers with varying budget needs.
Tourists do have a few travel options to get around Vietnam. The country is served by trains running from Ho Chi Minh City to Hanoi and it stops in many of the popular areas such as Da Nang and Nha Trang. Buses are a great option for tourists to get around the country and the buses are privately operated buses called “open tour” buses. There is also a national bus system, but they are generally not as comfortable as the private buses.
Taxis are available in most cities and can be hailed directly from the streets or via a phone call. The fare usually starts at VND 10,000 to VND 12,000. If you need to be quick, try the motorcycle taxis known as Xe Om. You will need to negotiate the price but they can be found in most parts of the cities. Cyclo (similar to trishaw) is also available for short-distance travel within a city. For easier travel, opt for Grab Motorbike, an online hailing app similar to Uber.
How to apply for an e-visa:
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